Dictionary of composites: new empirical data

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of composites that have appeared in the Russian language in recent decades. The relevance of the research is due to the active process of replenishing in the class of composites, as well as a high interest in the study of their structure and semantics. We distinguish the binary structure of compound words (sometimes multicomponent) of varying degrees of solidity and offer four types of their classification. We also identify groups of composites by their thematic attribution.The material under study represents complex lexical units not previously recorded in the dictionaries and provides new empirical data.The material for the study was obtained from various sources: oral speech, fiction, advertising and journalistic texts, Internet resources - the article notes that the range of these words is genetically and structurally heterogeneous: today, the leading trend compared to the early period is the formation of a group of words in the Russian language according to a fixed analytical model: an attribute in the preposition plus a noun.Foreign-language components easily form new words and have high activity, enter into free syntagmatic relations. Such a feature – the presence of analytical neoplasms – is a consequence of the general trend of the modern Russian language – the growth of analyticism.The article notes that many complex words form combinations with a common component, thereby creating word-formation models, as well as single classes and word-formation fields.The functional status, the degree of assimilation of components, the ability to enter into syntagmatic relations, as well as the frequency and other characteristics of the words considered here are not similar. The article notes that the process of borrowing, which has moved to various functional areas, as well as the formation of new complex words according to the models considered in the article, contribute to the development and expansion of the lexical composition in the modern Russian language.