Diagnostic markers of early metabolic disorders in workers of an oil-producing enterprise

Abstract

The oil industry is a significant component of the industry of Bashkortostan. The complex of harmful factors for oil production workers includes industrial noise, vibration, exposure to harmful substances, the severity and intensity of work, unfavorable microclimate conditions. The researchers conditionally divide production factors of chemical nature into natural chemicals that are part of oil and associated gases (hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, mercaptans), and substances used to enhance oil recovery, preparation, transportation of oil and gas (reagents, acids, surfactants, methanol, welding aerosols). There is a role of changes in metabolic processes at the level of cells and subcellular structures in the development of pathological processes under the influence of harmful production factors in a number of studies. The study aims to substantiate the markers of early metabolic disorders in employees of an oil-producing enterprise. We conducted a study of metabolic processes in 340 oil production workers. The researchers represented the professional production groups by drillers (35.3%), operators of underground well repair (64.7%). The authors carried out characteristics of the factors of the working environment and the labor process of oil-producing industries in accordance with R 2.2.2006-05. The researchers also performed biochemical studies of the parameters of the lipid spectrum of blood serum, free radical processes and endogenous intoxication. The level of exposure to the average concentrations of the chemical factor at the workplaces of drillers and operators of underground well repair corresponds to classes 2-3.1. The influence of harmful production factors causes metabolic disorders in the body of oil production workers in the form of a violation of the lipid spectrum (an increase in total cholesterol, triglycerides), changes in the activity of cytolytic enzymes (GGT, AST, ALT), activation of lipid peroxidation processes, a decrease in catalase activity, an increase in the level of medium-molecular peptides in blood serum, which confirms the presence of endogenous intoxication syndrome in the examined workers. The impact of harmful production factors on the body of oil production workers causes metabolic disorders in the body and dictates the need for a complex of biochemical studies for the early diagnosis of prenosological processes and timely preventive measures.