Abstract
The dewatering of deep foundation pits excavated in highly permeable geology usually requires waterproofing technologies to relieve groundwater flow. However, no effective prediction formula is yet available for determining water inflow in the presence of partial penetrating curtains. In this study, a dewatering project with partial penetrating curtains is analyzed via a finite difference method to show evident three-dimensional (3D) seepage characteristics. The standard curve and distortion functions are established under the assumption of an equivalent well by quantifying the blocking effects; thus, the empirical inflow prediction formulas for steady flow are further developed. Moreover, a dewatering design method based on the prediction formulas is proposed and applied to the field dewatering project in sand and gravel strata. Measured results show that dewatering efficiency is considerably enhanced by 3D flow, forming appropriate pressure distributions for dewatering construction. The uplift pressure below the pit bottom is controlled within a 25% safety margin to verify the reliability of the design method.
Highlights
Social problems caused by the accelerated urbanization process, such as ground space congestion and rapid population growth, have persistently afflicted urban development
Penetrating curtains in the seepage field generate considerable head differences the outside and inside of the aquifer. Such differences indicate that the 3D seepage field formed by between the outside and inside of the aquifer. Such differences indicate that the 3D seepage field the wall–well effects plays an important role in groundwater control during excavation
Drawdowns formed by the wall–well effects plays an important role in groundwater control during excavation
Summary
Social problems caused by the accelerated urbanization process, such as ground space congestion and rapid population growth, have persistently afflicted urban development. In the eastern coastal areas of China (e.g., Shanghai, Tianjin, and Hangzhou), considerable amounts of Quaternary marine and estuarine sediments have been alternately deposited, forming an alternating multi-aquifer system (MAS) composed of low-permeability clay, silt, saturated sand, and gravel layers [4,5,6,7]. These deposits frequently have high water tables as approaching the coast [8,9]. The high water pressure may cause engineering disasters; for example, when overlying layers are
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