Abstract
Cavities under hydraulic structures have a significant influence on the stability of these structures. This study depends on (SEEP/W) software for a hydraulic structure model with an upstream sheet pile. Thus, different results are obtaining for discharge, uplift pressure and exit gradient. For the output a dimensional analysis is perform to study the effect of these variables. Also (SPSS), where special equations are obtaining for seepage discharge, uplift pressure and exit gradient has a coefficient of determination and correlation (0.9, 0.89, 0.8) respectively. The effect of the presence of the cavities on seepage properties whenever the location of the cavity before the sheet pile increased its effect on the discharge and uplift pressure in contrast to the exit gradient where cavity approaching the end of the structure that is increasing its impact on the exit gradient. Also decrease the depth of the cavity from ground increase its impact on the characteristics of seepage, as well as the greater coefficient of permeability and the diameter of the cavitation will increase seepage properties. Also shows that when comparing the state of the presence of cavity with the absence of it, different behaviors with different characteristics of seepage will appear at different percentage.
Highlights
The existence of cavities may adversely affect the stability of submerged surfaces
Used for this purpose is a computer program in (Fortran 90) to find seepage proparties behind the cutoff wall, which led to a good consensus with previous studies (9) Rafiezadeha and Astiani, (2012), A computer analysis program has been developed for seepage of differentiated media based on the boundary element method to show the ability and accuracy of the mathematical model to solve various types of applied three-dimensional seepage problems that ascend in engineering practice
The effect of the variables shown in the left part of the equation (3) with each value of the variables in the left part of the same equation is study in order to determine the effect of cavity on the variables of discharge, the uplift pressure and exit gradient
Summary
The existence of cavities may adversely affect the stability of submerged surfaces. At present there is no widely accepted method for analyzing the stability of the system of reduction and for the development of such an analytical method. (4) Mansuri et al, (2014), studied the effect of the cutoff on the uplift pressure and finding its efficiency, which showed reducing in uplift pressure (5) Mansuri et al, (2014), prevent piping by using cutoff with different displacements and various angles of inclination to minimize the uplift pressure, where results showed reduse in uplift pressure values (6) El-Jumaily and AL-Bakry, (2013), depending on the method of finite volume and the use of rectangular elements, the seepage was analyzed under the hydraulic structure which contains sheet piles at the toe or heel of it, the assessment showed adjacent results (7) Ahmed, (2013), investigated the confined flow under hydraulic structures, where the hydraulic conductivity of the soil is considered as a three-dimensional arbitrary field, where the results showed isotropic condition (8) Obead, (2013), used finite element model for steady and two dimensional flow analyses under the base of the structure with cut off wall to control leakage Used for this purpose is a computer program in (Fortran 90) to find seepage proparties behind the cutoff wall, which led to a good consensus with previous studies (9) Rafiezadeha and Astiani, (2012), A computer analysis program has been developed for seepage of differentiated media based on the boundary element method to show the ability and accuracy of the mathematical model to solve various types of applied three-dimensional seepage problems that ascend in engineering practice. Comparisons between the effect of the presence of these cavities and their absence within the soil on the properties of seepage below the hydraulic structure
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