Developments of the Institute of Bast Crops in the direction of processing of industrial hemp seeds

Abstract

Today, domestic hemp growing is raw material-oriented, which restrains the development of the industry and does not allow the integration of Ukrainian hemp growing into the international production system. The production of a high-quality finished product that can meet the needs of the country should be the priority direction of hemp production. As a scientific institution, the Institute of Bast Crops acts as an integral element of providing the hemp industry with modern developments that are potentially able to compete in the technology market. Using the achievements of the Institute in the direction of hemp seed processing will provide the domestic market with high-quality ready-made food products. The analysis of the products from industrial hemp seeds presented on the market allows us to distinguish two main directions of seed processing – into cold-pressed oil and crushed seeds. These products are used both independently and for the production of various hemp-containing products. In order to meet the needs of the market in cold-pressed hemp oil, the Institute of Bast Crops has developed a technology for obtaining oil using a simplified link of technological operations. The use of the developed technology makes it possible to process hemp seeds with a moisture content of 7-10% and obtain 16-22% filtered oil, the quality of which corresponds to the established norms, which is confirmed by the results of laboratory tests. To meet the needs of the market for crushed hemp seeds, a technology for obtaining crushed kernels has been developed, which includes the operations of crushing seeds, separation of husks by air, separation of husks on sieves. The developed technology provides for the processing of hemp seeds with a purity of 95.0-99.0% without additional calibration, with a moisture content of 6.0-13.0%, and allows obtaining 28.0-38.0% of the finished kernel with clogging up to 1.0%. The obtained crushed hemp seeds have high nutritional properties and meet the established norms, which are confirmed by the results of laboratory studies.