Abstract
Cannabis is an industrial plant used in the food industry, green building industry, textile industry, cosmetic industry, and pharmaceutical industry. Hemp is an important food source that has been used for thousands of years. Technically a nut, hemp seeds contain significant amounts of fiber, lipids, protein (edestin and albumin), vitamins, tocopherols, and minerals. Hemp seed proteins are easily digested and contain all the essential amino acids in a nutritionally significant amount. Since hemp seed oil’s polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are over 80%, it is essential for human health. The fatty acids it contains are mostly linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. This is why hemp seed oil production has been increasing by processing oil from seeds. By-products from the oil processing process are used to enrich foods regarding the chemicals and nutritional values they contain. Hemp is a functional food because the use of seeds, oil, and the oil’s cake could be used in several industries. This chapter summarizes the chemical composition, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil processing by-products.
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