Abstract
In this study gynoecium, megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and female gametophyte of Gladiolus italicus Miller were examined cytologically and histologically by using light microscopy techniques. Ovules of G. italicus are of anatropous, bitegmic and crassinucellate type. Embryo sac development is of monosporic Polygonum type. Polar nuclei fuse before fertilization to form a secondary nucleus near the antipodals. The female gametophyte development of G. italicus was investigated for the first time with this study.
Highlights
Iridaceae family is represented by approximately 66 genera and 2245 species in the world (Christenhusz and Byng 2016; Burgt et al 2019)
The outer integument consisted of 5-6 cell layers and the inner integument consisted of 2 cell lines
The micropyle is formed by the inner integument in both G. italicus and Iris mandshurica (Zhang et al 2011)
Summary
Iridaceae family is represented by approximately 66 genera and 2245 species in the world (Christenhusz and Byng 2016; Burgt et al 2019). This family includes ornamentals like Gladiolus, Belamcanda, Iris, Crocus, Eleutherine, etc. 11 Gladiolus species are found in various regions of Turkey and 6 of them; G. anatolicus (Boiss.) Stapf, G. attilae Kit Tan, B. G. italicus is distributed in Macaronesia, Mediterranean basin to central Asia It is introduced and naturalized in California. It naturally grows in many parts of Turkey (Demir and Çelikel 2019) It is a monocotyledon with spectacular flowers (Tan and Edmondson 1984)
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