DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL CULTURE OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Purpose of the Article. It consists in covering the main stages of the formation of ecological culture in the context of the modern culture of society. The methodology is based on the principle of objectivity and an integrated approach and in the application of the method of analysis and synthesis, which made it possible to follow the formation and development of ecological culture in the context of the culture of society. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the expansion of ideas about the ecological culture of man in modern society. The analysis of the gradual formation of ecological culture in the structure and functions of the culture itself. Conclusions. As a result of the research, it was established that culture in all its manifestations is an object and subject of study of many specific sciences, ecology is not an exception. Culture was formed on the activities of society and man, along with its results. Culture is the result of the development of the relationship between man and nature, therefore the perception of culture depends on the person. The formation of the ecological culture of society is formed on the basis of education, upbringing and culture, which allows a person to make constructive decisions to solve environmental problems.

With the continuous development of human society, the ecological environment has been seriously damaged. It is therefore of vital significance to examine the ecological environmental protection and ecological culture, especially in some indigenous and border regions with rich natural resources. This paper analyses the problems faced by the development of ecological culture in Xishuangbanna Dai region of Yunnan from the perspective of the “Marxist view of nature” and explores its innovative and sustainable development paths. The article begins with an overview of the “Marxist view of nature”, followed by an explanation of the necessity of ecological culture construction in Xishuangbanna Dai region. It then provides an in-depth analysis of the ecological problems and concludes with responding suggestions and solutions. This study not only helps to understand the ecological culture and civilisation of ethnic minority groups and their ecological environment status quo, but also provides implications and theoretical value to the construction of global ecological culture and ecological civilisation.

China is making great efforts to build an ecological civilization. To reveal the effectiveness and spatial characteristics of the ecological civilization development in China, we constructed an Ecological Civilization Evaluation Index (ECI) based on the economic-social-natural complex system. We evaluated the development level of the ecological civilization in China from 2004 to 2020 and discussed the coupling and coordination relationship between subsystems. We found that the ecological civilization of China has achieved remarkable results. The relationship among the three subsystems has been improved to some extent, but the high-quality development of the economic system still requires effort. The development level of the ecological civilization in China presents spatial heterogeneity. From east to west, 30 provinces can be classified into four different types of development. On the whole, the development of China's ecological civilization has provided experiences for the world.

The paper is devoted to the problem of ecological culture formation as the factor of University student socialization by mass media that is understood as an ongoing dynamic process of students' interaction with mass media, which leads to the active assimilation to the system of social norms, values, including environmental ones, which are broadcast by different mass media, and the process of their transformation into a system of social attitudes focused on the harmonious entry of a person into the society. The importance of the role of ecological culture in the modern society is shown. The ecological culture as a mean of accumulation, storage and transmission of human experience and the main factor of integrative processes in the society that affects the adaptation of a person to the conditions of the natural environment, and ensures the person's harmonious existence is revealed. In modern Ukrainian society the importance of ecological culture of University students is determined by the relevance its part in their general and professional competencies. Ecological culture is seen as a result of human environmental education and a measure of individual environmental competence. It is a number of skills to solve environmental problems and to make responsible decisions for environment protection. The authors examine the role of ecological culture in the process of students' socialization and the influence of mass media on the development of student youth ecological culture. A complex of theoretical and empirical methods has been used, for example: analysis, synthesis, systematization of existing scientific papers for studying the issues of mass media impact on ecological culture of university students, questionnaire. The research results have shown that formation of ecological culture is an effective factor of University students' socialization, and mass media is the efficient mean of formation and development of student youth ecological culture.

The article examines the pedagogical orientation of ecological culture and highlights its formation on specialists of the operational rescue service of civil protection. The relationship between pedagogical and ecological knowledge, necessary for the eco-cultural development of a civil defense specialist, is revealed. The system of criteria for assessing the quality of ecological and pedagogical education is presented and proven, which makes it possible to evaluate the results of the formation of the ecological culture of civil defense specialists. Environmental pedagogical education combines classroom and extracurricular forms, which allow combining theoretical and practical learning, as well as combining learning with professional activity. The pedagogical function is the leading one for the system of ecological and pedagogical education. It provides the pedagogical essence of the professional training of the future emergency rescue service specialist and strengthens the formation of the specialist's ecological culture. Pedagogical and methodical training and especially such educational disciplines and optional courses as "Fundamentals of the specialist's ecological culture", "Methodology of environmental education" contribute to the professionalization of the operational and rescue service specialist in the formation of ecological culture. To develop the theoretical foundations of ecological and pedagogical education, it is not enough to simply accumulate information from ecological, pedagogical, psychological, methodical and other sciences, since ecological and pedagogical education has the most important aspects - the formation of ecological culture and the personal and professional readiness of students for an ecological worldview. Based on methodological positions, the study of ecology is aimed at the system of human interaction with the environment and determining the place and role of man in this system. Experimental data on the results of assimilation of ecological knowledge are presented, which confirmed the effectiveness of the implementation of the ecological pedagogical education system in the formation of the ecological culture of a specialist. It has been proven that this method of forming the ecological culture of future specialists contributes to more effective professional training of specialists, reveals his rational and emotional sphere, makes it possible to understand the main meaning of universal human values, gradually changing both the system of relations and the behavior of the acquirer in the ecological environment, directing him towards genuine concern for the surrounding world.

Measuring the quality of ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt provides guiding suggestions for the green development of the region. This article uses the entropy weight method and fixed effects model to study the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the development of ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its three major river basins from 2005 to 2020 and key influencing factors. Research results: Firstly, from 2005 to 2020, the overall quality of ecological civilization construction had maintained a continuous upward trend, and the development level of the upstream region was in a leading position. Secondly, the development advantages of ecological economy and environmental protection were prominent, and the development speed of the mid-stream region was relatively slow. Thirdly, in the analysis of spatial evolution characteristics, there were significant differences in the development levels of provinces and cities in different regions, with higher fluctuations in the development of upstream region. Fourthly, in the analysis of influencing factors, the investment factor had a significant positive impact on ecological civilization development, government intervention and infrastructure promoted the ecological civilization development, while urbanization had an inhibitory effect on it. Research suggestions: In response to the current situation of ecological civilization construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, various regions should strengthen coordinated development, balance development in all dimensions, adopt a regional ecological civilization development strategy adapting to local conditions, coordinate economic and ecological development, and improve the environmental protection regulatory system.

Modern society differs in production technology from the society of the 20th century. A huge amount of nature’s resources are now being used for human needs. But the use of the resource potential puts a high pressure on nature. Therefore, the question of the development of ecological culture in society is now becoming especially important. A sign of ecological culture is the understanding that the preservation of nature is a prerequisite for the preservation of man. Environmental culture is currently being discussed more actively, since global disasters that threaten humanity are becoming more and more threatening every year. Therefore, the threat of an ecological crisis put a person before a choice - either to stop the impending catastrophe, or to deepen it further and put the world in front of the fact of extinction. That is why it is important to form an ecological culture and, first of all, ecological awareness. The priority areas in each country are now considered to be the formation of an ecological culture not only among adults, but also at the initial stage of school education.

Aim . The article describes methodological bases of formation of ecological culture of students as the aim of innovative training for a sustainable future. The authors take into account international and the Russian experience, connected with development of ecological culture as an educational resource of society adaptation to environmental constraints, risks, crises and present-day consolidated actions towards sustainable development of civilization. Methods . The methodological basis of constructing of the model formation of pupils’ ecological culture is developed from the standpoint of the idea of eco-development (noosphere, co-evolution, sustainable development) and a set of axiological, cultural, personal-activity, co-evolutionary, cultural and ecological approaches. Justified methodical basis has allowed to construct educational level of formation of ecological culture of pupils, comprising interconnected unity of the target, substantive, procedural, effectively and appraisal components. Results and scientific novelty . The article presents the results of many years research of authors on environmental education for sustainable development in the framework of the Nizhny Novgorod scientific school. A characteristic of ecological culture of students as the goal of environmental education based on ecodevelopment ideas is given. It is shown that the ecological culture of students directs them to new values in life meanings, methods of ecological-oriented actions and behavior, changing settings of the consumer society and ensuring the development of the younger generation of co-evolutionary, spiritual guidance in a postindustrial society. The authors’ model of the formation of ecological culture of pupils is represented by conjugation philosophical and methodological, theoretical, methodological and pedagogical levels that ensure the integrity and hierarchical pedagogical research on the issue. The article discloses a pedagogical assessment tool of formation of ecological culture. The levels of formation of ecological culture are proposed; and their characteristics are given. Practical significance . The article shows the realization of the conceptual aspects of the formation of ecological culture of pupils and school practice. Presented methodical support of scientific pedagogical ideas of formation of ecological culture of pupils in the form of programs, textbooks, and teaching aids for students and teachers published in the central (Prosveshenie, Drofa, Ventana-Graf) and regional publishing houses in Russia are presented. The proposed model and its methodological support provide a means for the formation of new professional positions of teachers, capable of working in an innovative mode, and implement a new social order of society on education in the field of environment.

Currently, the vital activity of an individual increasingly determines the need for an effective method of existence that would meet the solution of important problems in the field of environmental sciences. For a long time, environmental education has been the main focus of this higher school, as well as the education system as a whole, including preschool, school, secondary vocational and higher education. The formation of the basic base of ecological thinking among prospective specialists and the connection to reality are the dominant criteria for the life of society, as well as its adequate promotion in the formation of the necessary humanitarian and pressing issues of modern times. The present directions of development in education and upbringing require changes and restructuring of its structure, methods and options for solving innovative goals. Currently, the main goal is to form a certain connection to life in all its spheres, to understand the interrelation and interdependence of objects and phenomena of the world, which the reasonable person himself becomes a part of. Modern psychological and pedagogical experiments show the necessity of increasing the role of higher education in determining the fundamental goal of ensuring and giving an ecological orientation to the entire educational process at the university. The stage of ecologization of upbringing and education is determined, first of all, from the teacher, his social and professional competence, worldview, mentality, culture. The issue of ecological culture is well-known today. In the structure of professional education, the ecological path as a result of ecological culture development among bachelors of pedagogical universities is one of the driving forces in our world, there is a need to combine ecological and natural science pedagogical education into a single whole, common: there are cardinal changes in certain systems, cultural norms, standards, ideals among real youth. In the state educational standard of higher professional pedagogical education, the most important dominant goal is highlighted to create a personality of a prospective specialist with the most significant ecological culture, which strives for a certain permissible influence with the world; an individual who stands out mainly by beliefs, necessity in behavior for the preservation of natural resources. The most important fact is the necessity of the importance of the ecological responsibility of the prospective teacher in the development of the main aspects of ecological culture development among prospective specialists who can create a personality, they are distinguished by a careful attitude to nature as a whole. Therefore, the most in demand at the socio-pedagogical level is the need to increase attention to the problems of ecological culture development among pedagogical university students prospective teachers and specialists. This paper examines a leading role of the courses of the natural science cycle for bachelors ecological culture development. The structure of the academic courses of the natural science cycle is very much dominated by the rest of the university courses on environmental content, since ecological hypotheses, ideas, concepts, laws, theses, antitheses, etc. appeared and developed in them. In addition, natural science terms are a priority basis for considering the unified structure natural environment society individual.

The methodological approaches to pupils’ ecological culture education such as axiological and cultural had been revealed in the article. Theoretical methods: analysis and generalization of literature on the research problem; empiric: observation, conversation, pedagogical experiment were used in the process of research. Based on the use of the above methods it was stated that axiology can consider the problem of the relationship between man and nature from the perspective of values, learn the range of ecological values occuring in human activities, carry out an educational influence on the formation of ecological culture. It was investigated that in terms of axiological approach, values are correlated with various aspects of human nature (the spiritual, moral, psychological, and biological). The purpose of the article is to reveal the main methodological approaches (axiological and culturological) and apply them for the development of technology for raising the ecological culture of pupils. Materials of the research can be used for raising the ecological culture of of pupils in secondary schools and out-of-school educational institutions, will become the basis of educational and methodical publications on the education of pupils’ environmental culture, can be used by of pupils’ self-government and class leaders in educational work with pupils. It was revealed that the cultural approach to pupils’ ecological culture education allows determining the ratio of the ecological culture to the general and spiritual culture, considering the relationship between three social and natural subjects: people, culture, and nature. It was proved that the methodological approaches (axiological and cultural) substantiate the updating of environmental education component, ecological culture development goals, ideas of humanization and humanitarization of education, understanding of the crucial role of culture towards nature, ecological imperative of ecological culture in solving global environmental problems. Taking into consideration the above mentioned, the effectiveness of pupils’ ecological culture education technology had been developed and proved.

This paper considers the problem of development of ecological culture of students - prospective teachers of fine and decorative art. The author proves the necessity of culturological approach, which allows to integrate different fields of spiritual culture, to expand students’ horizons, to give them new knowledge, to form a coherent picture of the world. The paper emphasizes that ecological culture is manifested in the system of spiritual values, in all the results of human activity related to cognition and transformation of nature. Hence it is necessary to train teachers who will be able to work with students and develop their ecological culture. Qualification characteristics of a teacher should provide his/her professional readiness to implement environmental training and education. To achieve a necessary level of environmental training is possible only by adjusting and updating existing educational programs. The paper contains a model of development of ecological culture through art; it determines the content, terms and stages of its implementation. The model consists of three levels and the paper discusses each of them; the author also describes necessary organizational-pedagogical conditions, methodological approaches (cultural studies, local history, student-centered, activity-based) and methodological principles (of scientific character, systematic character, consistency, clarity, orientation, training, conformity to culture, of natural law). In conclusion, the paper emphasizes that the proposed model allows to organize a continuous process at a pedagogical university that is aimed to develop ecological culture of prospective teachers.

This paper considers the problem of development of ecological culture of students prospective teachers of fine and decorative art. The author proves the necessity of culturological approach, which allows to integrate different fields of spiritual culture, to expand students horizons, to give them new knowledge, to form a coherent picture of the world. The paper emphasizes that ecological culture is manifested in the system of spiritual values, in all the results of human activity related to cognition and transformation of nature. Hence it is necessary to train teachers who will be able to work with students and develop their ecological culture. Qualification characteristics of a teacher should provide his/her professional readiness to implement environmental training and education. To achieve a necessary level of environmental training is possible only by adjusting and updating existing educational programs. The paper contains a model of development of ecological culture through art; it determines the content, terms and stages of its implementation. The model consists of three levels and the paper discusses each of them; the author also describes necessary organizational-pedagogical conditions, methodological approaches (cultural studies, local history, student-centered, activity-based) and methodological principles (of scientific character, systematic character, consistency, clarity, orientation, training, conformity to culture, of natural law). In conclusion, the paper emphasizes that the proposed model allows to organize a continuous process at a pedagogical university that is aimed to develop ecological culture of prospective teachers.

Measuring and comparing the development of cultural amenities in the Yangtze River basin: Case study of Chongqing, Wuhan, and Nanjing

Despite the fact that modern society has entered a postindustrial period of development and science has transformed into the main driving force there is still destructive influence of negative global and regional environmental problems. According to the degree of danger to humanity they can be put on the second place after a possible thermonuclear conflict and be a cause of increasing social turbulence. Based on the achievements of synergetic and a system of pedagogy the following paper discusses actual problems of ecological culture development as the most effective forms of countering the threat of environmental disaster. The authors have proposed a new definition of the term ecological culture, developed a model of such personal characteristics development and identified the role and the place of educational technologies in this process. As a result of scientific pedagogical literature analysis the authors integrated natural-scientific and humanitarian discourses, identified the role and the place of the intellectual, moral, aesthetic, patriotic, labor and physical components of the educational process in the structure of the human personality and his/her ecological culture. It is concluded that the implementation of a comprehensive, systemic approach to ecological culture development will allow to achieve a phenomenon of emergence, which will significantly improve the efficiency of the educational environmental events.

The article is devoted to the characteristics of the peculiarities of the formation of ecological culture of future professionals in the educational process of higher education. To achieve this goal, general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, concretization, generalization, and content analysis. The problem of the formation of ecological culture of future specialists as a constructive response of university education to the challenges of the modern era is actualized. Based on the analysis of theoretical works of domestic scientists, the main approaches to defining the concept of “ecological culture” and “formation of ecological culture” are characterized; concluded that there is a lack of interdisciplinary research on the peculiarities of the formation of the environmental culture of future professionals. The need for active formation and intensive development of the ecological culture of future specialists during their studies in higher education institutions is emphasized. The positive practice includes the pervasiveness of the formation of environmental culture both within the compulsory and elective disciplines and extracurricular activities of higher education institutions. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of elective disciplines for the development and formation of values in the formation of environmental culture in applicants for higher education and research and teaching staff of higher education institutions. The need to introduce the educational component “Human Ecology” in the training of higher education in various fields of knowledge and specialties is substantiated. A list of themes of cross-cutting environmental interdisciplinary projects for applicants of the first (bachelor’s) and second (master’s) levels of higher education has been developed and proposed. The expediency of holding binary lectures for the development of the ecological culture of higher education seekers is substantiated. Possibilities of non-formal education for the development of the ecological culture of future specialists are analyzed. Keywords: ecological culture; human ecology; educational process; environmental interdisciplinary project; applicants for higher education; vocational training; binary lecture; culture.