Abstract
Along the history, Peru have suffered many human and material losses due to the effects of natural hazards, particularly earthquakes, only in the capital city, Lima, three large earthquakes have occurred in the last century, in 1940, 1966 and 1974. But hazards itselves would not become disasters without a vulnerable population, which is the case of Peru, where the growing and developing of cities has lacked of any planification and it has been disordered, with people building without following the current regulatory framework that ensures good structural behavior during a severe seismic event. For those reasons, among others, is needed a tool that permits the identification of highly risk areas in case of earthquakes. The current study proposes an automated system on a GIS platform that allows to estimate the damage effects of earthquakes in buildings, showing the results as repairing costs. Using as basis Geotechnical information like peak ground acceleration (PGA) or Spectral acceleration (Sa), urban cadaster information (material of the building, the soil, the number of stories, etc.) and using the outputs of experimental tests and analytic simulations for different building types used in Peruvian territory, like masonry buildings, reinforced concrete buildings, adobe or quincha buildings, wooden buildings among others. This tool would allow stakeholders to have an idea of the expected damage for the next quake and would help them to take actions before the event, actions like retrofitting or relocating buildings.
Highlights
These two programs were widely used during the past decade showing good results, it was difficult to adapt them to the variety of structural topologies in South America and in particular in Peru
In 2007 a large earthquake struck Pisco city in Peru, after that event CISMID developed the “Seismic Response and Damage Level Simulator” (Zavala, 2007), which considers the response of buildings after the quake and estimates the risk as repair cost, this simulator uses the Miranda Procedure adapted to Peru (Miranda, 1999)
The current study aims to develop an automatized GIS tool to estimate the repairing cost of buildings after an earthquake, using python language, the ArcGIS platform and the fragility curves of the Sara project
Summary
Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction” (IDNDR) aiming to create policies and technologies to reduce disasters for natural hazards. Following the decade policies in 1999 the HAZUS program was developed in the United States, this software allows to assess the buildings seismic vulnerability for cities. In 2017 as part of the project South American Risk Assessment (SARA) leaded by the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) it was presented an exposure model of residential buildings for South America that considers structural parameters as construction material, structural system, number stories, etc. They obtained fragility curves after a nonlinear time history analysis using the GEM’s risk Modeller’s Toolkit for each structural typology (Villar et al, 2017). Journal TECNIA Vol. N°2 July-December 2019 tool will gather cadastral information and geotechnical information obtained from field surveys or from public institutions and use them in a friendly and fast environment to obtain the risk in terms of repairing cost of the buildings analyzed
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