Developing Approaches to Analysis of Melt Motion on the Surface of a Fuel Pin

Abstract

Based on the analysis of experiments carried out on simulators of fuel elements with a cladding of low-melting metals, models of melting and movement of the melt over the surface of fuel elements are proposed. The presented work is a continuation of experimental and theoretical work carried out jointly at the Nuclear Safety Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, to study the features of the movement of a melt over a cylindrical surface that simulates the surface of a fuel element. It analyzes the factors that determine the thermal destruction of fuel elements. One of the important conclusions drawn from the analysis of experimental data was the conclusion about the prevailing film laminar runoff in the heated part of the fuel element simulator. Using this assumption, an analytical model was built that allows predicting the mass of a fuel element carried out of its limits during melting. As a result of calculations using the proposed model, it was shown that, for an accident with the introduction of positive reactivity, when the power increase can reach ten ratings, a modification of the model is necessary to take into account the turbulent runoff regime. For this purpose, a simplified model of the flow of the melt was built. A comparison is made with known techniques and it is shown that the proposed approach makes it possible to describe the turbulent flow regime with satisfactory accuracy. The modified model made it possible to calculate the features of the movement of a stainless steel melt over the surface of a fuel element of a fast neutron (BN) reactor. Information was obtained on the thickness of the melt, its velocity and Reynolds number, depending on the conditions of drainage, and on the mass carried outside the core.