Abstract
The paper describes in detail the application of the shadow method for physical modeling of the solidification process of large ingots, for visualizing and quantifying convective flows. As a result of the experiment, the proposed method allowed to visualize convective flows during casting and solidification of the model ingot. At the end of casting, the flows are represented as a vortex movement, as the further solidification of the flow changes to a more uniform appearance, they have a laminar appearance, while their visualization deteriorates. In the initial moments of time, the rate of descending flows is higher than the rate of ascending ones. Further, as the solidification continues, the rate of descending flows decreases, and the rate of ascending flows increases. The results obtained are in good agreement with the literature data, as well as with industrial experiments, which makes it possible to consider this method of studying the convective movement of a liquid in an ingot appropriate.
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