Determination of pararosaniline hydrochloride in workplace air

J Kowalska,A Jeżewska

doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7568-z

J Kowalska, A Jeżewska

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7568-z

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Abstract

Pararosaniline hydrochloride (CPR) is a dye used for colouring paper, leather and natural and artificial fibres. It is also used in analytical and microbiological laboratories. It is a carcinogenic substance of category 1B. In analytical chemistry, it is used for detecting the following among others: bromates, formaldehyde, ozone, sulphite and sulfur dioxide. CPR is a dye commonly used in microbiology for staining preparations, for staining bacteria, antibodies or other organisms. In Poland, about 800 employees were exposed to this substance. The lack of methods for the determination of pararosaniline hydrochloride in workplace air makes it impossible to assess the occupational exposure of workers to this substance. For this reason, a determination method has been developed, which allows for the determination of pararosaniline hydrochloride in the air. This method makes it possible to determine the concentration of CPR in the air at the workplace within the range from 0.002 to 0.04 mg/m3 (for an air sample of 120 L). The method is based on the adsorption of pararosaniline hydrochloride present in the workplace air on a polypropylene filter, eluting the substance deposited on the filter with methanol and analysing the solution thus obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (wavelength of 544 nm). Using an Ultra C18 (250 mm length) chromatographic column at a temperature of 23 °C and the mobile phase of methanol:0.1% phosphoric acid(V) (95:5, v/v) at flow rate of 0.6 mL/min makes it possible to determine the content of pararosaniline hydrochloride in the presence of aniline, nitrobenzene and 4-tolylamine. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.17 ng/mL and 0.51 ng/mL, respectively.

Highlights

IntroductionPararosaniline hydrochloride (CPR; CAS No 569-61-9) known as parafuchsine hydrochloride, C.I. basic red monohydrochloride, C.I. 42500, magenta 0, 4,4′-(4iminocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidenemethylene)dianiline hydrochloride or Basic Red 9 is a solid with a red colour in a green metallic sheen
Pararosaniline hydrochloride (CPR; CAS No 569-61-9) known as parafuchsine hydrochloride, C.I. basic red monohydrochloride, C.I. 42500, magenta 0, 4,4′-(4iminocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidenemethylene)dianiline hydrochloride or Basic Red 9 is a solid with a red colour in a green metallic sheen. It is slightly soluble in water and ether and soluble in ethanol, methanol, benzyl alcohol and ethylene glycol methyl ether (Duman et al 2015; IARC 2012; HSDB 2018)
Perdih and Perdih 2011; Nadaroglu et al 2015; HSDB 2018). It is used for determining the following among others: bromates, formaldehyde, ozone, sulphite and sulfur dioxide (Miksch et al 1981; Dasgupta 1981; Steiner et al 1987; Romele 1998; Goyal 2001; Segundo and Rangel 2001; GonzálezRodríguez et al 2002; McFeeters and Barish 2003; Simkhada et al 2005; Li and Zhao 2006; Goyal 2006; Ćwikła-Bundyra 2012; Pundir and Rawal 2013; Almeida Jr et al 2018)

Summary

Introduction

Pararosaniline hydrochloride (CPR; CAS No 569-61-9) known as parafuchsine hydrochloride, C.I. basic red monohydrochloride, C.I. 42500, magenta 0, 4,4′-(4iminocyclohexa-2,5-dienylidenemethylene)dianiline hydrochloride or Basic Red 9 is a solid with a red colour in a green metallic sheen. It is slightly soluble in water and ether and soluble in ethanol, methanol, benzyl alcohol and ethylene glycol methyl ether (Duman et al 2015; IARC 2012; HSDB 2018). Perdih and Perdih 2011; Nadaroglu et al 2015; HSDB 2018). It is used to prepare the Schiff reagent required for the staining procedure of cytological and histological material (Lyon et al 2002)

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