Determination of oxymatrine and its metabolite matrine in rat blood and dermal microdialysates by high throughput liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

Oxymatrine (OMT) and matrine (MT) are the major quinolizidine alkaloids found in certain Sophora plants, which have been extensively used in China for the treatment of viral hepatitis, cancer, cardiac diseases and skin diseases (such as atopic dermatitis and eczema). A precise, sensitive and high throughput LC–MS/MS was developed to determine OMT and its metabolite MT in rat blood and dermis collected using microdialysis technique. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein/right atrium and dermis of Wistar rats, and 3% OMT gel (1 g) was administered via topical application. The samples were collected and then injected into the LC–MS/MS system after adding the internal standard (codeine, CDN). Chromatographic separation was achieved in a run time of 2 min on a reversed phase short-column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 3.5 μm). The mobile phase for column separation was methanol–ammonium formate (pH 5.0; 25 mM) (70:30, v/v) with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. A diverter valve was installed post-LC column for desalting. Detection of analytes and IS was done by tandem mass spectrometry, operating in positive ion and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) acquisition mode. The protonated precursor to product ion transitions monitored for OMT, MT and IS was m/ z 265.0 → 247.3, 249.1 → 148.3 and 300.0 → 215.2, respectively. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for OMT and MT was 0.5 ng/mL. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.5–1000 ng/mL for OMT and MT with a coefficient of determination >0.999. This selective and sensitive method is useful for the determination of OMT and MT and in the pharmacokinetic studies of these compounds. The blood and dermal concentration–time profile of OMT and its metabolite MT suggest that the limiting factor for dermal metabolism is the low capacity of enzymes in the skin rather than the quantity of penetrated OMT.