Abstract
There are no effluent limitations for hazardous chemicals released from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Korea. Furthermore, there are no criteria for chemical accident levels that have a significant impact on aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to establish the effluent limitations of hazardous chemicals and to determine the chemical accident levels from a WWTP. The effluent limitations were determined based on the Korean water quality standard, the effluent standards for industrial facilities, human health risk, and aquatic ecotoxicity. After establishing the effluent limitations in a WWTP, the effluent levels for chemical accidents were defined. As the final goal of this study was to prevent chemical accidents in fresh water, the influent limitations of hazardous chemicals in a WWTP were established using the effluent levels for chemical accidents and treatment efficiencies for individual chemicals. As a case study, one WWTP in the Nakdong River watershed was selected, and the effluent limitations, chemical accident levels, and influent limitations for 47 chemicals were established. Our method can be modified and applied to WWTPs in different watersheds in Korea. Key Words: WWTP, Hazardous chemical, Chemical accident, Aquatic ecosystem, Effluent limitation
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