Determination of 27 pesticides in wine by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Abstract

A low solvent consumption method was developed to determine 27 different classes of pesticides (including organochlorine pesticide, organophosphorus pesticide, pyrethroid pesticide, fungicide, herbicide and acaricide) in wine using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME). Extraction parameters including type and volume of extraction solvent, type and volume of disperser solvent, salinity, pH, centrifugation time, vortex extraction time and wine volumes were optimized. A mixture of 60μL chloroform (extraction solvent) and 940μL acetonitrile (disperser solvent) was injected into 5mL wine diluent. After shaking and centrifugation, the sedimented phase was transferred into a 200μL glass insert and determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry method (GC–MS). The results demonstrated that the recoveries for all the pesticides spiked at three different levels ranged from 66.7 to 126.1%. The intra-day repeatabilities (RSDs) ranged from 2.0 to 27.2%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.025 to 0.88μg/L, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.082 to 2.94μg/L. The proposed method is very low cost, rapid and convenient, and could be an effective method for monitoring of multi-pesticide in wine.