Abstract
The measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence for use as a rapid diagnostic tool which detected stress interactions in Italian alder (Alnus cordata Desf.) is reported. Containerised trees in well-drained or waterlogged conditions were subjected to foliar applications of various concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCI). Measurements of leaf chlorophyll fluorescence provided strong correlations with visual necrosis (r2adj = 63.5%), and cell electrolyte leakage (r2adj = 84.6%). Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence was not correlated with stem growth. Foliar applications of NaCI increased sodium and chloride concentration in leaves irrespective of whether trees were planted in well-drained or waterlogged compost, with higher leaf Na and Cl concentrations reflecting the application of stronger salt solutions. Except for decreased calcium, phosphorous, magnesium and potassium in leaf tissue from trees grown in waterlogged compost and sprayed with distilled water or 2% NaCI, no treatment effects upon macronutrient concentrations were identified. Chlorophyll fluorescence values < 0.8 indicated the onset of stress. The opportunities offered by measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence to provide a diagnostic tool for arborists are discussed.
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