Abstract
The identification of loci controlling quantitative traits (QTL) and marker-assisted selection have attracted great interest in breeding programs for fruit quality. This study aimed to identify QTLs related to the quality of cashew apple. Physical analysis were carried out in cashew fruits of 66 F1 plants from the cross of CCP 1001 x CP 96. Seven traits related to color, size and weight of the cashew apple were tested for QTLs. Candidate QTLs were identified by the methods of interval mapping and multiple QTL mapping. Thirty QTLs associated with cashew quality were identified. The lowest number of QTL (two) was detected for the trait red intensity, and the highest (seven) for cashew apple weight. The QTLs explained between 3.15% and 21.33% of the total phenotypic variation and are being evaluated for future use in marker-assisted selection.
Highlights
An important goal in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) breeding is to develop cultivars with improved quality of the cashew apple
Conventional breeding can be accelerated by direct identification and manipulation of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a system based on molecular markers that co-segregate with the trait of interest (Cristofani et al 1999)
The mapping population consisted of 85 plants of a F1 full-sib progeny derived from a cross between CCP 1001 and CP 96 made in September 2000
Summary
An important goal in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) breeding is to develop cultivars with improved quality of the cashew apple. Physical traits of the peduncle such as weight, shape and color are essential for the acceptance by cashew consumers. Based on the existing genetic variability, cashew apples can be selected that meet the needs of marketing, in terms of pear shape, easy packaging, orange to red color, and large size, i.e. cashew/tray classification 4 or 5, which has the highest market value (Moura et al 2001). To meet the demand for new types with better fruit quality, breeders need new methods and strategies to increase efficiency and reduce the time required to establish new cultivars. Most traits of economic importance, e.g. yield, are classified as quantitative. Conventional breeding can be accelerated by direct identification and manipulation of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a system based on molecular markers that co-segregate with the trait of interest (Cristofani et al 1999)
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