Abstract
The identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted selection have aroused great interest in breeding programs aiming at fruit quality. The objective of this study was to detect QTL related to the quality of the cashew apple. The physicochemical characteristics oligomeric phenolics, total soluble solids, total titrable acidity and vitamin C contents were analyzed in the mapped cashew population. QTL were detected by QTL interval and multiple QTL mapping. The results showed high phenotypic variation in the segregating F1 generation for all traits. Eighteen QTL associated with cashew quality were identified: three for oligomeric phenolics, five for total soluble solids, six for total acidity and four for vitamin C. QTL are promising for marker-assisted selection since they have the greatest phenotypic effects and contribution to phenotypic variation.
Highlights
Clones of early dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) have greatly impacted cashew cultivation in the Northeastern region of Brazil since they are more productive, earlier, shorter, harvested and have uniform cashew nuts and apples (Barros et al 2002)
Conventional breeding can be accelerated by direct identification and manipulation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in a system based on molecular markers co-segregating with the trait of interest (Cristofani et al 1999)
Of the original 85 F1 plants used to create genetic maps of the parents, 66 plants produced a satisfactory number of peduncles and were included in the analysis to evaluate the content of oligomeric phenolics, soluble solids, total acidity and vitamin C of the cashew apple
Summary
Clones of early dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) have greatly impacted cashew cultivation in the Northeastern region of Brazil since they are more productive, earlier, shorter, harvested and have uniform cashew nuts and apples (Barros et al 2002). These factors have contributed to an increased consumption of fresh cashew apple. Most plant traits of economic importance, e.g., grain yield, can be classified as quantitative. Conventional breeding can be accelerated by direct identification and manipulation of quantitative trait loci (QTL) in a system based on molecular markers co-segregating with the trait of interest (Cristofani et al 1999)
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