Design and analysis of low loss porous-core photonic crystal fiber for terahertz wave transmission

Abstract

We present a low loss hexagonal-core porous Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) for wave propagation in terahertz (THz) range. The cladding contains circular air holes whereas the core consists of elliptical air holes. As background material, Cyclo-Olefin Copolymer (COC) (also known as TOPAS) was used because in the terahertz range (0.1–2 THz), it shows a constant refractive index. The design has been analysed by using FEM-based COMSOL software for a particular frequency range and by varying radius along the x-axis. We observed that at radius of 8 µm and an operating frequency of 0.9 THz, the proposed fiber exhibits low effective material loss of 0.0697 cm−1 and low confinement loss in the order of 10−3 cm−1. Moreover, we did a complete analysis of the transition of core air holes from elliptical to circular.