Abstract
Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation is an open access journal, with focuses on neuroimmunology and neuroinflammation research, and coverage extending to other basic and clinical studies related to neuroscience.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) have become the most significant and feared brain diseases of elderly populations who are enjoying longer lifespans due to more effective treatments for cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases
In addition to the previously mentioned TREM2, APOE, HLA-DRA, and Alpha-2 macroglobulin (A2M), this study identified a number of additional markers that could be characterized in AD brains
We demonstrated by immunohistochemistry of brain sections that increased microglial expression of CD33 was evident in AD cases, in plaque-associated microglia
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) have become the most significant and feared brain diseases of elderly populations who are enjoying longer lifespans due to more effective treatments for cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. AD is the most common cause of cognitive decline and dementia in elderly populations[1], while PD can lead to severe loss of mobility and independence, amongst other features[2]. Both diseases are significant causes of morbidity in elderly populations and share many common pathological features involving the accumulation of aggregated proteins. In AD, it is extracellular amyloid and neurofibrillary-associated phosphorylated tau neurites and tangles[3], while in PD, it is aggregated/phosphorylated alpha-synuclein accumulated into pathological inclusions[4] These diseases are distinctive on account of the degenerative changes occurring in different brain regions; one common feature is the appearance of “activated” microglia within brain regions showing degenerative changes. Inflammation has become one of the targets being investigated as treatment strategies for these diseases, and the importance of studying microglia in relation to many different brain diseases is widely appreciated[5,6,7]
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