Abstract
Abstract Dechlorination of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by zero-valent iron (Fe0) and palladium (Pd)/iron (Fe) bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) immobilized in nylon 6,6/PEG membranes was investigated at room temperature. Pd/Fe bimetallic NPs were synthesized by two different approaches, sequential and simultaneous reduction of trivalent iron (Fe3+) and divalent palladium (Pd2+) ions. Pd/Fe NPs prepared by simultaneous reduction showed a much smaller particle size, only 30 nm in average, and significantly higher reactivity toward PCP dechlorination than the other two materials. Almost 85% PCP removal within 45 min was qualified in terms of both phenol emergence and chlorine ion release. In contrast, dechlorination efficiency by Pd/Fe NPs immobilized by sequential reduction was insignificant. Iron oxides between Fe0 and Pd0 during the sequential reduction process impeded their effective contact, and enhanced PCP sorption on membranes. Spectra of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the existence of both Fe0 ...
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