Decagonal solid core PCF based refractive index sensor for blood cells detection in terahertz regime

Abstract

The fast and accurate detection of the blood components is very necessary before initiating the treatment of patients. In this article, a decagonal Solid Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (SC-PCF) sensor with very high sensitivity and low confinement loss for efficiently detecting the blood cells is proposed. The solid core with air hole ring gives an extra edge for sensing the biomedical analytes due to the easy infiltration of liquid in the holes of the core. The material used in the background of the PCF is TOPAS. A Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) is used as boundary condition in outer layer of cladding. The Full-Vectorial Finite Element Method (FV-FEM) is used for solving the Maxwell equation and numerical analysis of the model in the THz regime. In results, the highest sensitivity in the terahertz spectrum for glucose, plasma, WBC and RBC are 84.55%, 85.09%, 85.62% and 87.68% respectively. Specifically, more than 85.09% sensitivity for all the blood components makes this sensor very useful for rapid blood sensing. This paper also analyzes the low confinement loss (CL), high effective mode area, low birefringence and beat length at operating frequency in the terahertz spectrum (1THz–4THz) for all the blood components.