Abstract

This chapter reviews the work done by steam. Heat is converted into work in a heat engine. The quantity of work that can be obtained from a given quantity of heat is called the mechanical equivalent of heat. When work is done by a hot fluid, the fluid expands and the temperature falls. The quantity of heat associated with this fall in temperature is called the heat drop. If the fluid is noncondensing, that is, a permanent gas, the heat drop is the product of the specific heat and the temperature fall. If, as in the case of steam, condensation takes place, the problem is complicated by the heat given out during the change of state. The function entropy is used for the calculation of heat drop when steam expands in doing work and for the calculation of the amount of water condensed. In the ideal engine, the work done is the difference in enthalpy of the steam entering and leaving the engine.

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