Abstract
The research data on the effect of bentonite clays (BT) in the process of clarification and stabilization on the elemental composition determining the varietal affiliation of wines are analyzed in the article. The initial objects were three untreated wine samples produced from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Moldova grape varieties in the Krasnodar Territory. Clarification and stabilization of untreated wine samples was carried out with 32 samples of BT of various degrees of dispersion and trademarks. The concentrations of metals, i.e., macro- and microelements, in bentonite clays, untreated and treated wine samples were determined by ICP-OES and ICP-MS methods. The results of the influence of stabilization and clarification of various wines with 32 BT on their elemental composition based on the concentrations of 16 micro- and macroelements isolated chemometrically from 39 elements are shown in the article. The elemental composition of the initial wine varieties as well as wine samples obtained after their clarification and stabilization (32 samples per each variety) was established based on the results of three parallel measurements. The aim of the study was to assess the contribution of macro- and microelements to the formation of the elemental image of wines determining their varietal affiliation. Using discriminant analysis and principal component analysis, the presence of cluster structures in treated and untreated wine samples was established in accordance with their varieties with respect to the concentrations of isolated macro- and microelements. The role of microelements was shown to be higher than that of macroelements in the formation of varietal image of wines. The combination of the most informative macro- and microelements in determining the cluster structure of wine samples increases the possibilities of assessing the intravarietal similarity and intervarietal differences of wines.
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