Abstract
Purpose: To determine the effect of capital adequacy ratio, market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, bank size, and other variables on banking profitability in Indonesia. Methodology: Panel data regression analysis; purposive sampling; capital adequacy ratio, market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, operational risk, bank size as instruments; 39 banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange; return on assets as dependent variable. Results: Capital adequacy ratio and bank size have a positive and significant influence on profitability. Credit risk and operational risk have a significant negative effect. Market risk and liquidity risk have no significant effect. Limitations: The study is limited to data from banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018-2024, so it may not reflect conditions outside this period or region. Contribution: This research is useful in the fields of banking management, corporate finance, and investment strategy.
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