Abstract
The Impact of Trade Globalization on Welfare in Moslem Countries This study aims at examining the impact of trade globalization on walfare level in the Moslem countries. Our welfare variable was measured using maqashid sharia approach, namely care of religion (proxied by conflict intensity), care of the soul (proxied by death rate), care of intellect (proxied by education participation rate), care of the offspring (proxied by population rate) and care of the treasure (proxied by GDP per capita). Meanwhile, trade globalization was proxied by trade openness. In addition to completed analysis, we also employed inflation and exchange rate as additional control variables. Our empirical model used panel data model consisting 9 moslem countries over 1980-2011. This study verified that trade openness has significantly positive effect on welfare indicators, such as population rate, education participation rate, GDP per capita, and death rates decline in the Moslem countries. Our estimation also found that inflation and exchange rate appear to be significantly affecting almost all welfare indicators used in analysis. DOI: 10.15408/ess.v7i1.4764
Highlights
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah dampak globalisasi perdagangan terhadap tingkat kesejahtareaan negara-negara berpenduduk muslim
This study aims at examining the impact of trade globalization on walfare level in the Moslem countries
Economic Globalization, and the Blended Ethics of Self
Summary
Berdasarkan persamaan (1) dapat dihipotesiskan hubungan antara trade openness, inflasi dan kurs dengan berbagai indikator kesejahteraan. Peningkatan trade openness, yang berarti menunjukkan peningkatan skala globalisasi, diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat konflik dan laju populasi, serta meningkatkan Angka Harapan Hidup, Angka Melek Hurup, dan PDRB perkapita. Peningkatan inflasi dan deperessiasi kurs diharapkan dapat memberikan pengaruh sebaliknya, meningkatkan tingkat konflik dan laju populasi, serta menurunkan Angka Harapan Hidup, Angka Melek Huruf, dan PDRB perkapita. Estimasi parameter dari kelima model menunjukkan hasil yang cukup baik, hal ini terlihat dari tingkat signifikansi beberapa koefisien estimasi yang signifikan pada taraf nyata 1 hingga 10 persen. Pada setiap model yang diestimasi, dilakukan pengujian pemilihan model yang umum dalam regresi data panel statis, yakni Uji Chow untuk memilih model Pooled Least Square (PLS) atau Fixed Effect Model (FEM), Uji. Hausman untuk memilih model FEM atau Random Effect Model (REM), dan uji Lagrange Multiplier Test untuk memilih model PLS tau REM
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