Abstract
This article describes a 24-hour daily activity of ground water cycle. It first proves the existence of vapour up-flux using a custom-made reflective carpet. At high grounds of equatorial altitudes above 1500 meter (less than that for other latitudes), water vapour is thought to be condensed forming fresh water within mountains. An evidence of this was found in several sites in Saudi Arabia, where fresh water down-streams from these mountains and pops-out of mountain sides or up from ground surface. Photos of such streams are presented. Another evidence of these rivers is presented in photos of green coastal regions in Saudi Arabia. The paper urges researchers to make concise annual water-budget studies for major known rivers in the world, to prove that rainfall in the basin of each of them runs severely short to explain the annual river flow quantity.
Highlights
Water has so many active mechanisms underground, all interacting
One scenario that can be called the compressed-vapour-pocket scenario, happens when ground surface is less than 300 meter above sea level with conservative geology and non-porous layers
Crude Oil is a very likely product of such scenario. Another scenario, which can be called the foggy scenario, happens when ground surface is less than 300 meter above sea level with conservative geology and porous layers
Summary
Water has so many active mechanisms underground, all interacting. Ground Rivers are distinctive part of groundwater. Ground rivers are naturally formed rivers of fresh water that are totally cycling underground [1] They are formed from sea deep water that continuously penetrates land through soil voids by the enormous hydraulic pressure forming the water table, see Figure 1. The vapour ascends up through soil voids and at low grounds it escapes land to air and joins clouds [2]. The vapour flux coming up at low ground surface, escapes off land through soil voids, and joins sky clouds, un-noticed. This joining has a very active role in cloud lightening as thought by the author. In Saudi Arabia, clouds coming past the desert are noticed to be dark and full of charge, with fierce lightening; unlike clouds past the sea
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