Abstract
Cancer is a disease that can attack any part of the body when the abnormal cells begin to grow uncontrollably beyond the limit, then attack the connected parts of the body and spread to other organs. The mangrove (Rhizophora) is a herbal plant that can be used as a treatment for various diseases, one of which is cancer. The mangrove (Rhizophora) plant contains phytochemicals ranging from fruit, seeds, leaves and roots. This review article aims to examine the cytotoxicity effects of mangrove (Rhizophora) plants on cancer cells. The library sources in this article review use the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The inclusion criteria used were articles containing the cytotoxic test of mangrove (Rhizophora) with the last 10 years of publication (2011-2020), original research, there were results of anticancer activity in the form of IC50 and research using mangrove (Rhizophora). plant extracts. The exclusion criteria used were articles that did not contain a full text, used plants with different genus, did not have an IC50 value and were not original research. From the journals that have been analyzed, it can be said that the extract of the mangrove (Rhizophora) plant can be developed for cancer treatment. The mangrove (Rhizophora) plant has cytotoxic activity because it contains active compounds in the form of phenolic, flavonoids and terpenoids. Based on the results of the cytotoxic test of mangrove (Rhizophora) extract, the plant parts that have the strongest cytotoxic effect are fruit.
Highlights
Indonesia's biodiversity is known to be the richest in the world
Based on the results of research from Kartawinata (1978) the Rhizophoraceae family which is called mangrove consists of 4 genera and 10 species
The keywords used in this article search were “Cytotoxicity Rhizophora or anticancer Rhizophora and IC50”
Summary
Indonesia's biodiversity is known to be the richest in the world. One of the biodiversity is medicinal plants; This medicinal plant is a natural resource that can be developed into a natural cure for cancer. One of the medicinal plants is mangrove, commonly used as natural medicine. Mangrove forests in Indonesia have an area of up to 25% of the total 18 million hectares of mangroves in the world so that mangrove forests in Indonesia have the largest land area (Bayu, 2009). Mangrove is the name of a group of plants from the genus Rhizophora, tribe Rhizophoraceae (Santoso et al, 2005). Based on the results of research from Kartawinata (1978) the Rhizophoraceae family which is called mangrove consists of 4 genera and 10 species. The four genera mentioned above are Bruguiera, Ceriops, Kandelia, and Journal of Nutraceuticals and Herbal Medicine, ISSN 2615-4609
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