CURRENT SITUATION AND SOLUTIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN VIETNAM

Abstract

The ocean covers about 71% of the Earth's surface and is considered a system to sustain Earth's life. In particular, the ocean functions to regulate heat balance and have positive effects on the weather - climate on Earth. The ocean ensures food security and human energy security when these resources are running out on the continents. However, recent decades have raised the issue of increasing the human impact on marine ecosystems as a result of polluting the sea and the ocean. The spread of many pollutants has reached local, regional, and even global scale. Therefore, pollution of the sea and the world has become an important international issue, and the necessity to protect the marine environment from pollution is due to the requirements of rational use of natural resources. The problem of exploiting natural resources and protecting the marine environment in many countries is facing many challenges. The depleted resources and polluted marine environment have caused serious damage, hindering the socioeconomic development of many countries. Environmental issues are increasingly alarming when Vietnam ranks 4th in the list of the world's most polluting countries. This article assesses the current situation and causes of marine environmental pollution in Vietnam and proposes solutions to improve the marine environment and towards a sustainable marine economy development strategy.