Abstract
Covid-19 is a high prevalence of pneumonia of pathless cause in that started in 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Five to 10% of the coronavirus SARSCoV- 2-infected patients, i.e., with new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are presenting with an Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) requiring urgent respiratory and hemodynamic support in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). However, nutrition is an important element of care. The nutritional assessment and the early nutritional care management of COVID-19 patients must be integrated into the overall therapeutic strategy. Absence of treatment for this new virus, finding alternative methods to prevent and control the disease is important. Having a well-functioning immune system is essential for the host’s defense against pathogenic organisms. Malnutrition can lead to an impaired immune system during life. Even though the immune system response to infection is itself a factor that could lead to nutritional status impairment. Deficiency of some nutrients can lead to disorders of immune system. Adequate intake of vitamins (A, D, Bs, C and E), minerals (selenium, zinc and iron) and omega-3 fatty acids are among the essential factors in proper immune system function and the international recommendations on nutrition in the ICU should be followed. Some specific issues about the nutrition of the COVID-19 patients in the ICU should be emphasized. We propose a flow chart and ten key issues for optimizing the nutrition management of COVID-19 patients in the ICU.
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