Abstract
We discover a new tricritical point realized only in nonequilibrium steady states, using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Our system is a (3+1)-dimensional strongly coupled large-N_{c} gauge theory. The tricritical point is associated with a chiral symmetry breaking under the presence of an electric current and a magnetic field. The critical exponents agree with those of the Landau theory of equilibrium phase transitions. This suggests that the presence of a Landau-like phenomenological theory behind our nonequilibrium phase transitions.
Highlights
Critical phenomena are important since they show universal behaviors irrespective of the microscopic details of the systems
Critical points for different masses form a critical line in the ðB; J; mÞ phase diagram and the critical line terminates at BTCP that is located on the Analytical approach.—We show that the values of the critical exponents can be derived analytically as follows
In terms of the conductivity, our nonequilibrium phase transitions are regarded as the transition between the negative differential conductivity (NDC) phase and the positive differential conductivity (PDC) phase, which are corresponding to two branches, the bending branch and the flat branch, respectively
Summary
Critical phenomena are important since they show universal behaviors irrespective of the microscopic details of the systems. We find that the system exhibits first-order or second-order phase transitions of the chiral symmetry breaking. A tricritical point (TCP) exists between the line of the first-order phase transition and the second-order critical line.
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