Cr{sub 2}Nb-based alloy development

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The objective of this task is to develop a new generation of structural materials based on intermetallic alloys for use as critical hot components in advanced fossil energy conversion systems. The intermetallic phase, Cr{sub 2}Nb, with a complex cubic structure (C-15) has been selected for this development because of its high melting point (1770{degrees}C), relatively low material density (7.7 g/cm{sup 2}), excellent high-temperature strength (at 1000 to 1250{degrees}C), and potential resistance to oxidation and corrosion. This intermetallic phase, like many other Laves phases, has a wide range of compositional homogeneity suggesting the possibility of improving its mechanical and metallurgical properties by alloying additions. The major engineering concern with Cr{sub 2}Nb and other A{sub 2}B Laves phases is their poor fracture toughness and fracture resistance at ambient temperatures. The single-phase Cr{sub 2}Nb is very hard ({approximately}800 DPH) and brittle at room temperature. Because of this brittleness, the development effort has concentrated on two-phase structures containing the hard intermetallic phase Cr{sub 2}Nb and the softer Cr-rich solid solution phase. Potential applications of Cr-Cr{sub 2}Nb alloys include hot components (for example, air heat exchangers and turbine blades) in advanced energy conversion systems and heat engines, wear-resistant parts in coal handling systems (e.g., nozzles), drill bits for oil/gas wells, and valve guides in diesel engines. Current studies are focuses on enhancement of fracture resistance in tension at ambient temperatures and oxidation resistance above 1000{degrees}C. This report summarizes recent progress on controlling microstructure and improving the mechanical and metallurgical properties and the high-temperature corrosion behavior of Cr-Cr{sub 2}Nb alloys through alloying conditions, material processing, and heat treatment.