Cross protectivity analysis of 49.8 kDa pili sub units of Shigella flexneri against Vibrio cholerae infection: In vivo approach

Abstract

Background: Candidates for the cholera and shigellosis vaccine have similarity characteristics as a molecule of hemagglutinin and adhesin. But there is a difference in the molecular weight of the two bacteria, which is 37.8 kDa for V. cholerae and 49.8 kDa S. flexneri. We investigate whether there is a similarity between the results of the immune response between infection with S.flexneri and V. cholerae. The form of anti-hemagglutination properties and protection against vaccinated with S.flexneri adhesion molecules are conducted as well. Methods and materials: The first step was an anti-hemagglutination test using antibody anti adhesion molecle S. flexneri (AMS). The second step is to find out the immune response of the protectivity. The research model in the second step used Mice Ligated Ileal Loop (MLIL), with the subjects mice balb /c. Mice separated into four groups. The frts group was negative control group. The second group infected with S. flexneri. The third group immunized before affected by Shigella flexneri. The last group same by the third but infected with V. cholerae. The immune response calculates the weight and counts the bacterial colonies. The last step find out of the others respone immune AMS which calculated β-defensin and s-IgA levels measured using ELISA. After that the cellular immune response measured the number of Th-17 and T-reg immune effector cells using the flow cytometry method. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17A uses the ELISA. Data analysis used ANOVA, Independent T-test, Kruskal Walis, and Mann Whitney. Results: The results found cross-immune response anti-hemagglutination, intestinal weight, and bacterial colony count. Other findings were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) for levels of β-defensin, s-IgA, Th17, Treg, IL-17A. Conclusion: Protein subunit MW 49.8 kDa adhesion molecule of S. flexneri may act as the candidate for shigellosis and cholera in the future.