Critical Collaboration-Oriented Constructivist Learning Model Development to Improve Social and Spiritual Skills

Abstract

This study aims to develop a critical collaboration-oriented constructivist learning model to improve students' social-spiritual skills. It boosts the urgency that most educators currently believe the online learning model does not improve students' social and spiritual skills. The development is carried out using the Assure model developed by Smaldino, Russell, Heinich, and Molenda. The developed model followed six steps, namely: (1) analyzing the characteristics of students, (2) setting learning objectives, (3) selecting media, methods, and materials, (4) utilizing teaching materials, (5) involving students in learning activities, and (6) evaluation and revision. The research process was carried out at UIN Mataram, involving one content expert, one design expert, five students in individual trials, nine students in small group trials, and 40 students in field trials. The results show that the developed learning model had theoretical feasibility of 96.4% for the material and 96% for the learning design. At the same time, the results of the empirical feasibility test showed that the product was empirically feasible with a feasibility level of 85.87% in individual trials, 90.12% in small group trials, and 94.25% in field trials. This study ends with the suggestions to implement the developed learning model in different fields of studies as the discussion of this model is rare while the impacts are beneficial. The discussion on its application and effects on learning achievements and attitudes in different fields of studies will contribute to a broader understanding of the same topic.