Abstract
Alpha-hydroxyacids (AHAs) such as glycolic acid have significant effects on the process of keratinization and stratum corneum exfoliation, and have demonstrated anti-aging benefits by increasing synthesis of dermal matrix components including collagen and glycosaminoglycans (e.g., hyaluronic acid). Due to additional beneficial effects on skin including antioxidant effects, skin barrier strengthening and MMP inhibition, as well as enhanced tolerability, second- and third-generation hydroxyacid compounds such as the Polyhydroxy Acids (PHAs) and Bionic Acids, have an expanded patient base and therapeutic uses. Such compounds include gluconolactone, lactobionic acid and maltobionic acid.
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