Abstract
Graphene based materials (GBMs) have potentials for dental and medical applications. GBMs may cause changes in the levels of cytokine released in the body. This study aimed to study the corrosion resistance of graphene oxide (GO) and GO/silver (GO/Ag) nanocomposite coated nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy by electrophoretic deposition and to access the viability of human pulp fibroblasts, and the interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression level. The bare and coated NiTi samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Raman spectroscopy, surface profilometry, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the bare NiTi and coated NiTi samples were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5% NaCl solution. The cell viability of human pulp fibroblasts was accessed by the treated culture medium of the bare NiTi and coated NiTi alloys containing 1% fetal bovine serum. IL-6 and IL-8 expression levels were studied by human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). Both the GO-coated NiTi and GO/Ag-coated NiTi alloys showed better corrosion resistance, a lower rate of corrosion, and higher protection efficiency than the bare NiTi alloy. The coated NiTi alloys were biocompatible to human pulp fibroblasts and showed upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 levels.
Highlights
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy is widely used due to the special properties of superelasticity and shape memory
Graphene based materials (GBMs) have been used studied as a potential coatings materials using various techniques on various metals, such as Cu, Zn, Ti, and NiTi and they have been found valuable for the protection against the corrosion[13,14,21,22,23,24,25]
NiTi alloy substrates were coated with graphene oxide (GO)-coatings and GO/Ag-coatings
Summary
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy is widely used due to the special properties of superelasticity and shape memory. Another study found that Ni leaching occurred after placement of the NiTi orthodontic archwires, bands and brackets and was associated with an increase of the Ni ion concentration in the patient’s saliva which lasted for 10 weeks and decreased slowly[2] These ions can cause foreign body reactions, allergy, and adverse reactions in the human body, such as stomatitis, burning sensation, angular cheilitis, and loss of taste[3,4]. The aims of this study were to study the corrosion resistance of graphene oxide (GO) and GO/silver (GO/Ag) nanocomposite coated nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy by electrophoretic deposition and evaluate, to access the viability of human pulp fibroblasts (HPFs), and the IL-6 and IL-8 expression level
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