Abstract
As the battery energy storage system (BESS) has been considered to be a solution to the diminished performance of frequency response in the Korean power system, in which renewable energy resources (RESs) are expected to increase rapidly, this paper proposes a control strategy for providing both the virtual inertia and primary frequency response considering the MW-scale BESS installed by the Korea Electricity Power Corporation (KEPCO). The benefit of such a fast and flexible BESS can be maximized by the proposed control strategy for making it provide both the inertia and primary frequency response, which would be deficit with the increased RES. In the proposed control strategy, the state of charge (SOC) is maintained in the specific range in which the life cycle is maximized, the interference of SOC recovery by frequency control is minimized, the responding capacity for providing the virtual inertia response is maximized during the transient period, and the performance requirements for frequency response are satisfied. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is verified by both Korean power system model-based simulation and on-site operations.
Highlights
The demand for reducing greenhouse gas emissions while increasing the supply of electricity in the electric power industry has led to a rapid increase of the penetration level of renewable energy resources (RESs) in many power systems [1]
As the frequency is a major parameter indicating the balance between generation and demand of a power system, it is controlled in the Korean power system by providing frequency control services
The battery life of battery energy storage system (BESS) is determined by the number of complete charge/discharge cycles that be required to charge and discharge repeatedly, depending on the frequency changes, the control the battery is able to support before its capacity falls below 80% of its original capacity
Summary
The demand for reducing greenhouse gas emissions while increasing the supply of electricity in the electric power industry has led to a rapid increase of the penetration level of renewable energy resources (RESs) in many power systems [1]. As a solution for compensating the performance of the frequency responses with high penetration level of RES, BESS is proposed for providing both the inertia and primary frequency response [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]. The proposed control strategy considers various aspects of BESS such as maintaining the SOC in the specific range in which the life cycle is the longest, minimizing the interference of SOC recovery with frequency control, maximizing the responding capacity for providing a virtual inertia response during a transient period, and meeting the performance requirements for frequency response. The MW-scale BESS installed by KEPCO has been contributing effectively to the frequency control by using the proposed control strategy since it began commercial operation in the Korean power system
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