Abstract
Abstract The study was located on lawns of the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center at Wooster, Ohio. Insecticides were applied 22 Apr to plots 12.2 X 12.2 m arranged in RCB replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a CO2 sprayer with Teejet 8015 nozzles at 3.87 kg/cm2 pressure that delivered a volume of 1384 liter/ha. The experimental area received no posttreatment irrigation. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were: billbugs: overwintered adults active; turf: level, dry, 6.35 cm height, 75% Kentucky bluegrass, 15% Tall fescue, 10% broadleaf weeds; thatch: none; soil: moist, 58°F at 2.54 cm and 55°F at 7.62 cm; Weather: cloudy, 57°F, 5-16 km/h; water: pH 6.75. Efficacy data taken from the center 9.3 m2 of each plot Jul (78 DAT) were based on the number of live billbug larvae and pupae in 8, 10.8 cm diam samples from each plot.
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