Abstract
Abstract The study was located on a golf course fairway at Jeromesville, OH. Insecticides and entomopathogenic nematodes were applied 13 Jun to plots 3.5 X 3.5 m arranged in a complete randomized block replicated 4 times. Granular insecticides were applied using a drop spreader and liquids using a C02 sprayer with Teejet 8003 lp nozzles at 1.05 kg/cm2 pressure that delivered a vol of 466 liter/ha. Nematodes were applied with a C02 sprayer using Teejet 8015 nozzles at 2.92 kg/cm2 pressure that delivered a spray vol of 1600 liter/ha. The experimental area was irrigated approximately 1.25 cm after all treatments were applied but before sprays had dried on the grass blades. Environmental conditions at time of treatment were: BTA: ca. 80/0.093 m2, 5% 1st, 10% 2nd, 80% 3rd instars, and 5% pupae. Turf: level, dry, 3.2 cm height, 50% Kentucky bluegrass, 40% perennial ryegrass, 10% annual bluegrass. Thatch: moist, 1.2 cm. Soil: moist, 64°F at 2.54 cm and 68°F at 7.62 cm. Weather: sunny, 70°F, 0-8 km/h. Water: pH 7.22. Efficacy data taken 24 Jun (11 DAT) were based on the number of live BTA larvae and pupae in 8, 10.8 cm in diam samples from each plot. At the time of treatment evaluation, soil samples were collected from the check and nematode treated plots and tested for’ presence of entomopathogenic nematodes. Five Galleria larvae were placed in each of two subsamples of soil from each plot.
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