Abstract
Designing eco-friendly products involves energy efficiency improvements. Eco-friendly products must consider not only raw materials and manufacturing processes to improve energy efficiency but also energy needed when designing them. This research shows how eco-routing (ER), eco-charging (EC), eco-driving (EDR), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and electric vehicles (EVs) can contribute to the reduction of energy consumption during product design. To do this, a group of 44 engineers assigned to the project was chosen to assess the total energy available for V2G when driving EVs from their homes to the design center by using ER, ED and EC by running an application coded by the authors. The energy stored in EVs was used to quantify the reduction in energy consumption of the buildings present in the design center. The results show that the energy saving ranges from 2.89% to 6.9% per day—in other words, 93 kWh per day during the design process. In addition, the fact of making the design process greener implies that renewable energies (REs) are integrated better during the design process. By running the application, drivers are informed about the RE mix when the charging process takes place. Finally, this research shows that current policies make V2G and vehicle-to-home techniques not compatible.
Highlights
Eco-design allows implementing eco-friendlier products as environmental impacts are considered during the design phase [1,2]
The software and hardware of a vehicle control unit (VCU) used by the company subjected to this case-study was designed by one of the most important European suppliers specialized in embedded systems; All vehicles employed in this study were electric vehicles (EVs) equipped with a 40-kWh battery; Throughout this research, it is necessary to make measurements of different software variables stored in the VCU memory
This research is focused on how electric vehicles (EVs), vehicle-to-grid (V2G), eco-driving, and (b) V2H
Summary
Eco-design allows implementing eco-friendlier products as environmental impacts are considered during the design phase [1,2]. As detailed by Rosen and Kishawy [9], this usage could imply that several alternatives used during the project can be assessed and, costs and benefits of eco-design can be set When it comes to energy efficiency, research is mainly focused on final products and manufacturing processes. As detailed by Crul, Diehl and Ryan [13], considering that the number of products that need electricity is increasing rapidly, it is of paramount importance to incorporate them in the design process In their dissertation, they proposed guidelines to integrate REs in the final product. This study, which was done on an ECU supplier in Europe when developing new products, has three goals It proposes an algorithm based on EVs, ER, EDR and EC with the aim of improving energy efficiency and RE integration in the product design process by using the Here® application programming interface (API) provided by.
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