Abstract
The problem of mathematical construction for the process of the control of the metal casting crystallization and cooling in a foundry mold is considered. The casting is surrounded by a layer of sand mixture, which is a porous dispersed medium that conducts heat, in terms of the concepts of the construction of foundry rotary-conveyor lines (RCL). The problem of developing an interval model for determining the speed of the conveyor line from the production of metal castings is studied. Herewith, continuous processes of the transport and technological movement of the processed materials, equipment, tools, energy carriers, and final production output are combined with inevitable stops of this continuity, which lead to discreteness, and a combination with a number of accompanying continuous, discrete or reciprocating processes. The adequacy of the model for the given technological parameters is justified. The mathematical description and agreement of the values of technological parameters for regulation and finding the optimal speed of the conveyor line at the interaction of its component rotational systems, as well as the mathematical models for program control and remote monitoring of technological modes in order to obtain the casting of the given quality are considered. The possibility of selecting the corrective parameters for the change of the conveyor line speed is shown. Tiek skatīta matemātiskās konstrukcijas problēma metāla liešanas kristalizācijas un dzesēšanas kontroles procesam liešanas veidnē. Lējumu ieskauj smilšu maisījuma slānis, kas ir poraini izkliedēts materiāls, kas vada siltumu. Lietojot lietuves rotācijas konveijeru līniju (RCL) koncepciju, tiek pētīta intervāla modeļa izveides problēma konveijera līnijas ātruma noteikšanai metāla lējumu ražošanai. Tajā pašā laikā nepārtraukti apstrādājamo materiālu, iekārtu, rīku, enerģijas nesēju un gala produkcijas transportēšanas un tehnoloģiskās kustības procesi tiek apvienoti ar šīs nepārtrauktības neizbēgamajiem apstāšanās gadījumiem, kas noved pie kombinācijas ar vairākiem nepārtrauktiem, diskrētiem vai pārvietošanās procesiem. Ir pierādīta modeļa piemērotība attiecīgajiem tehnoloģiskajiem parametriem. Tiek parādīta iespēja izvēlēties koriģējošos parametrus konveijera līnijas ātruma maiņai.
Highlights
The implementation of highly efficient equipment by the principle of rotary-conveyor lines (RCL) that correspond to modern trends in productivity increase was not successful in the foundry industry because the design of such lines required new technological processes of shaping foundry models, foundry molds, and metal castings in the processes of pouring, hardening, and cooling of the latter
When obtaining castings by models, which are exposed to thermodestruction in the foundry mold under the action of the metallic melt flow, the structural transformations of the metal melt into the casting occur as a result of complex processes of heat and mass exchange in the system "model–metal–sand mold" [1]
The topic of the mathematical description and formalization of continuous-discrete processes in real complex systems of foundry production at the present stage of the production digitalization requires in-depth consideration. Such processes especially adequately match the essence of the concepts of foundry RCL, in which one is seeking the achievement of the continuous processes of transport and technological movement of processed materials, equipment, tools, energy carriers, and the final result, i. e., the production output. These continuous processes are combined with inevitable stops of the continuity, which lead to discreteness, and with combination with a number of accompanying continuous, discrete or reciprocating processes, such as, for example, the ones for RCL based on Lost Foam Casting (LFC), production and supply of single patterns, regeneration from removal from the mold to return to the operation of the sand filler molding, etc
Summary
In the XXI century, with the acceleration of the pace of scientific and technological progress, the intensity of human labor decreases noticeably, and, at the same time, its productivity increases; the model and the structure of production change. When obtaining castings by models, which are exposed to thermodestruction in the foundry mold under the action of the metallic melt flow, the structural transformations of the metal melt into the casting occur as a result of complex processes of heat and mass exchange in the system "model–metal–sand mold" [1]. When filling the mold with a liquid metal, it is necessary to control optimally the gas pressure equilibrium support on the border of surfaces "model–mold" [2] as well as to carry out the purposeful control of the metal structure formation by the methods of regulated cooling
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