Contamination of crops with various methods of soil cultivation

Abstract

The article presents the results of researches on the influence of various methods of soil cultivation on the contamination of soybeans in the conditions of many years of stationary experience. The following methods of soil cultivation were studied: flat-cut, layer-by-layer, moldboard plowing, direct sowing. The species composition and number of weeds and their wet weight were taken into account by counting and weighing them in the phase of a true leaf at the 3rd node (1st count) and the phase of development of fruits and seeds (2nd count). The difference in contamination between the methods of soil cultivation is best seen in the second count, because by this time the numerical growth of weeds has ceased. It was found that for the flat-cut method, after the second counting, the number of weeds decreased by 86,49% to 16,00 pcs / m2, but the wet weight increased by 1.75 to 310.26 g / m2. When cultivating the soil in layers, the number of weeds decreased by 40.08% to 60.00 pcs / m2, but the wet weight increased 2.04 times to 300.91 g / m2. For the dumping method, the number of weeds decreased by 68.05% to 40.00 pcs/m2 and the wet weight of weeds also decreased by 0.40 times to 128.53 g/m2. For the variant with direct sowing, there was a decrease in the number by 64.71% to 11.00 pcs/m2 and a decrease in wet weight by 0.89 times to 280.30 g/m2. The smallest contamination of soybean crops was revealed with direct sowing in comparison with other methods of soil cultivation.