Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the presence of white‐spot lesion is very probable when adjacent surface is affected by cavitated lesions. This study evaluated the potential of different fluoride‐releasing restorative materials in arresting enamel white‐spot lesions in approximal surface in contact with them, in vitro (I) and in situ (II). White‐spot lesions were formed in 240 primary enamel specimens via pH‐cycling. They were put in contact with cylindrical blocks of 6 materials (n = 20): composite resin, 2 high‐viscous glass ionomer cements (HVGIC), resin‐modified GIC, resin‐modified nanoionomer, and polyacid‐modified resin. In both studies I and II, these settings were designed to simulate the contact point between the restoration and simulated approximal lesion. For study I, they were subjected to a new pH‐cycling cariogenic challenge for 7 or 14 days (n = 10). For study II, a randomized double‐blind in situ design was conducted in two phases (7/14 days) to promote cariogenic challenge. At the end of both studies, specimens were collected for mineral analysis by cross‐sectional microhardness. Higher mineral loss was observed for lesions in contact with resin (p < 0.001). HVGICs were the most efficient in preventing mineral loss, whereas other materials presented an intermediate behavior. It is concluded that fluoride‐releasing materials can moderately reduce white‐spot lesions progression, and HVGIC can arrest enamel lesion in approximal surface in contact with them.
Highlights
In pediatric dentistry, glass ionomer cements (GICs) have raised interest because of properties such as handling and fluoride release/uptake, conferring it an anticariogenic potential, in addition to its biocompatibility and thermal expansion coefficient similar to tooth [1]; poor mechanical properties of conventional GICs make them unsuitable for multiple-surfaces restorations [2].Nowadays some variations have been proposed to overcome this issue
After observing that better performance might be achieved by enhancing the power/liquid ratio and shortening the period of the acid-base setting reaction, high-viscous GICs (HVGICs) were developed and have become the material of choice to perform the Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) [3]
For the 7-day period, the HVGIC demonstrated greater capacity for inhibiting artificial caries lesions adjacent to restorations when compared to polyacid-modified resin composites (PMR)
Summary
In pediatric dentistry, glass ionomer cements (GICs) have raised interest because of properties such as handling and fluoride release/uptake, conferring it an anticariogenic potential, in addition to its biocompatibility and thermal expansion coefficient similar to tooth [1]; poor mechanical properties of conventional GICs make them unsuitable for multiple-surfaces restorations [2].Nowadays some variations have been proposed to overcome this issue. In pediatric dentistry, glass ionomer cements (GICs) have raised interest because of properties such as handling and fluoride release/uptake, conferring it an anticariogenic potential, in addition to its biocompatibility and thermal expansion coefficient similar to tooth [1]; poor mechanical properties of conventional GICs make them unsuitable for multiple-surfaces restorations [2]. Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) and polyacid-modified resin composites (PMR) have been developed in an attempt to improve the wear resistance, moisture sensitivity, and esthetic characteristic of GIC, maintaining their fluoride-releasing capacity. There is a lack of studies concerning mechanical properties and the anticariogenic effects of this material, even though it seems to present lower surface wear when compared to conventional and resin-modified GIC [8]
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