Consumption of NPK by domestic and foreign sugar beet hybrids with different main fertilizer backgrounds in the Central Black-Earth Region

Abstract

The investigations conducted in 2019-2021 revealed an e ect of fertilizer levels on domestic and foreign sugar beet hybrids’ yield and peculiarities of NPK consumption from soil and fertilizers under conditions of the Central Black- Earth Region. Fertilizer systems with a high degree of nutrient elements’ saturation (N135P135K135 for sugar beet in combination with 25 t/ha of manure in a fallow, and N120P120K120 for sugar beet in combination with 50 t/ha of manure in a fallow) provided a high beet root yield of domestic sugar beet hybrids (43.2-45.1 t/ha) comparable to the one of the foreign hybrid (48.3-51.6 t/ha). The fertilizer level e ect appeared as a substantial improvement of the domestic hybrids’ productivity per 1 ha (by 20.7-59.4 % as compared to the variant without fertilizers), whereas this parameter of the foreign hybrid yield showed less increase (by 9.00-22.3 %). In variants with fertilizers, yield of dry matter by the crop main product of RMS 120 and RMS 127 was similar to that of Mitika hybrid (11.9-15.3 and 13.5-15.1, t/ha accordingly). The domestic hybrids generally use NPK fertilizers; the foreign one consumes nutrient elements of soil mostly. This worsens ecological conditions of elds (except K2O which consumption by domestic hybrids, especially RMS 127, is more intensive). To obtain maximum yields it is recommended to apply N135P135K135+25 t/ha of manure for both hybrids Mitika, RMS 120 and RMS 127, and also N90P90K90+25 t/ha of manure for RMS 127. To calculate doses of fertilizers for planned yield obtaining, it is recommended to use the following standard removal values per 1 ton of the main product: 3.80 kg/t of N, 1.40 kg/t of P2O5 and 4.18 kg/t of K2O, when cultivating the hybrid of RMS 120; 3.44, 1.24 and 3.83 kg/t, accordingly, when cultivating the hybrid of RMS 127; and 3.14, 1.09 and 2.97 kg/t, accordingly, when cultivating the hybrid of Mitika