Evaluation of breeding forms and varieties of hybrid clover of different geographical origin in the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region

Abstract

The aim of the research was to evaluate wild forms of hybrid clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) of di erent geographical origin in the year of sowing (the rst year of herbage life), in comparison with varieties, under conditions of unstable moisture in the Central Black Earth region. We studied 20 varieties and wild forms - varieties Novator (standard), Pervenets, Fregat, wild forms from the North- West, Central, Volgo- Vyatsky, Central Black Earth regions, Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Canada, etc.). The research was conducted in Belgorod region in two plots of collection nurseries in 2022-2023 on typical chernozem. The highest dry matter yield in the year of sowing (0.411…0.504 kg/m2) on average for two years possessed varieties Novator (standard) and Pervenets, as well as wild forms from Canada VIC 8, Tatarstan - VIC № 753, Moscow - M-2/21 and Belgorod - B-2/20 regions. The form M-2/21 is of particular value. With dry matter yield in the year of sowing in 2022 at the level of the standard (0.416 kg/m2) in 2023 the number provided a yield of 0.672 kg/m2, significantly exceeding the standard by 0.165 kg/m2, or 32.5 %. On average for two years, the samples showed signi cant morphological dissimilarity and variation in length of one stem (43.1…57.6 cm), weight of one stem (1.6…3.5 g), obliquity (26.5…50.1 %). When evaluating the forms of hybrid clover by productivity in the year of sowing, the most reliable evaluation traits include stem length (r=0.514) and stem weight (r=0.599), the degree of anthocyanin colouration of the stem (r=0.501) and leaf area (r=0.521).