Abstract
This study evaluates the accuracy of drill guides fabricated in medical-grade, biocompatible materials for static, computer-aided implant surgery (sCAIS). The virtually planned drill guides of ten completed patient cases were printed (n = 40) using professional (Material Jetting (MJ)) and consumer-level three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, namely, Stereolithography (SLA), Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), and Digital Light Processing (DLP). After printing and post-processing, the drill guides were digitized using an optical scanner. Subsequently, the drill guide’s original (reference) data and the surface scans of the digitized 3D-printed drill guide were superimposed to evaluate their incongruencies. The accuracy of the 3D-printed drill guides was calculated by determining the root mean square (RMS) values. Additionally, cast models of the planned cases were used to check that the drill guides fitted manually. The RMS (mean ± SD) values for the accuracy of 3D-printed drill guides were—MJ (0.09 ± 0.01 mm), SLA (0.12 ± 0.02 mm), FFF (0.18 ± 0.04 mm), and DLP (0.25 ± 0.05 mm). Upon a subjective assessment, all drill guides could be mounted on the cast models without hindrance. The results revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) in all except the MJ- and SLA-printed drill guides. Although the measured differences in accuracy were statistically significant, the deviations were negligible from a clinical point of view. Within the limits of this study, we conclude that consumer-level 3D printers can produce surgical guides with a similar accuracy to a high-end, professional 3D printer with reduced costs.
Highlights
The backward planning in oral implantology combines the precise placement of an implant concerning the available bone volume and the subsequent prosthetic suprastructure
This study aimed to investigate whether consumer-level desktop 3D printers can produce drill guides for sCAIS with a similar accuracy compared to a high-end, professional
By quantifying the overall accuracy of the 3D-printed drill guides, the results revealed that the Material Jetting (MJ) technology had the highest trueness with an root mean square (RMS)
Summary
The backward planning in oral implantology combines the precise placement of an implant concerning the available bone volume and the subsequent prosthetic suprastructure. A clinician can place an implant in a pre-defined and predictive manner using static, computer-aided implant surgery (sCAIS) by considering the prosthetic suprastructure [1,2]. SCAIS with drill guides can provide more accurate results than free-hand surgery and reduce the incidence of untoward involvement with neighboring anatomic structures such as the mandibular canal or the maxillary sinus. The technique benefits the clinician by reducing chair time, providing the possibility of immediate implant loading, facilitating an accurate means of placing dental implants, and reducing potential surgical complications [1]
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