Abstract
After 1945, the United States of America (USA) was worried about any possible harm to its interests within the Continent of Asia due to the ongoing rapid expansion of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and Peoples Republic of China (PRC) after 1917 and 1949 respectively. Therefore, as a result of its Russo-Sino-phobia, the USA made alliances with the Asian countries based on their mutual national interests. In those relations, the USA was mostly an economic and military aid donor while its allies were recipients of that US-aid. In return, the USA was utilizing the geo-strategic positions of its allies in Asia to counter the USSR and PRC. Pakistan came into being on August 14, 1947 with poor economic and military conditions at home having a conventional rival (India) on its eastern border. The USA offered friendship to it. Pakistan accepted the US-offer and the US started to utilize Pakistan's geo-strategic position against the USSR and PRC. In return, Pakistan got huge US-aid to improve its economic and military infrastructure. The central theme of this research paper is, 'how the US-aid played its role in economic and military development of Pakistan during 1947-71 and what were its impacts? Key Words: National Interests, Economic and Military Aid, Pakistan-US relations, SEATO, CENTO
Highlights
During the first half of the 20th century, the United States of America (USA) was keenly observing the developments in Asia, both militarily as well as politically
Since the end of the World War-Second (WW-II) in 1945, USA was much concerned about its national interests in Asia in respect of any possible expansion of socialist Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and communist China towards South-West and South-East Asia respectively
On 16th December 1971, India offered unconditional ceasefire but it was too late for Pakistan as, on the same day, it surrendered before the Indian army at Dacca and East Pakistan became an independent state of Bangladesh
Summary
During the first half of the 20th century, the USA was keenly observing the developments in Asia, both militarily as well as politically. (The New York Times, 8th December, 1947) It shows that, like Pakistan, the USA considered its relations with Pakistan as a landmark to bridge the East with the West through mutual assistance and benefits.
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