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Abstract
This study proposes a new nanostructured conductive polymer synthesis method that can grow the single-crystalline high-density plasma-polymerized nanoparticle structures by enhancing the sufficient nucleation and fragmentation of the pyrrole monomer using a novel atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ) technique. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) results show that the plasma-polymerized pyrrole (pPPy) nanoparticles have a fast deposition rate of 0.93 µm·min−1 under a room-temperature process and have single-crystalline characteristics with porous properties. In addition, the single-crystalline high-density pPPy nanoparticle structures were successfully synthesized on the glass, plastic, and interdigitated gas sensor electrode substrates using a novel plasma polymerization technique at room temperature. To check the suitability of the active layer for the fabrication of electrochemical toxic gas sensors, the resistance variations of the pPPy nanoparticles grown on the interdigitated gas sensor electrodes were examined by doping with iodine. As a result, the proposed APPJ device could obtain the high-density and ultra-fast single-crystalline pPPy thin films for various gas sensor applications. This work will contribute to the design of highly sensitive gas sensors adopting the novel plasma-polymerized conductive polymer as new active layer.
Highlights
Nanostructured conductive polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PTh), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), have been studied as active layers of gas sensors [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]
We introduce an initial synthesis of high-density pyrrole nanoparticles with single-crystallinity on various substrates, such as glass, plastic, and interdigitated gas sensor electrodes, using a novel atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization technique at room temperature using an additional glass tube with a higher dielectric constant to increase the charged particles by the plasmas
A detailed parametric study depending on humidity and temperature using various toxic gases will be carried out in the near future to measure the gas-sensing characteristics with electric conductivity of the nano-sized single-crystalline plasma polymers
Summary
Nanostructured conductive polymers, such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), polythiophene (PTh), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), have been studied as active layers of gas sensors [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]. To the authors’ knowledge, there have been no previous reports on the synthesis of porous conductive polymer nanoparticles with single-crystalline characteristics using APP polymerization techniques at room temperature due to insufficient plasma energy for the nucleation of monomers. It is necessary to enhance the plasma energy to synthesize high-density conductive polymer nanoparticles with single-crystallinity as the active layers for gas sensors on various substrates at room temperature. We introduce an initial synthesis of high-density pyrrole (pPPy) nanoparticles with single-crystallinity on various substrates, such as glass, plastic, and interdigitated gas sensor electrodes, using a novel atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization technique at room temperature using an additional glass tube with a higher dielectric constant to increase the charged particles by the plasmas. Our experimental results show that the single-crystalline high-density pPPy nanoparticles can be obtained using the novel APPJ device with a single bundle of three glass tubes to enhance the plasma jets in the nucleation region
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