Abstract
Background: Calcium hydroxide is a gold standard for root canal sealing material. However, there are many defects in calcium hydroxide that have prompted many researchers to look for alternative materials, including natural origin ingredients. Red pine (Pinus densiflora) is often used in dentistry for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The mixture of calcium hydroxide and red pine has never been achieved before. One of the criteria for material sealing is that the channel should be fully sealed with high flow ability and low viscosity. Therefore, this research is performed to analyze the viscosity value of the mixture of calcium hydroxide and red pine (Pinus densiflora). Purpose: Knowing the difference in viscosity of the combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2. Methods: This study used four treatment groups, with each group consisting of 8 replications. Group 1 was a combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a 1: 1, group 2 the ratio was 1: 1.5, group 3 had the ratio 1: 2, and the positive control group used calcium hydroxide and a sterile aquadest. Calcium hydroxide in powder form and an extract of red pine in liquid form are mixed according to the ratio. The viscosity value is measured using a viscosity tester, namely the Brookfield Viscometer. Results: The control group had a lower viscosity than group 3, group 3, and group 2 than group1. Conclusion: Combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:2, the lowest viscosity was obtained compared to the ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 1.5.
Highlights
Root canal is a treatment that aims to repair an infected tooth.[1]
The results of the multiple comparisons difference test using Tukey HSD with the results of a significant difference between one study group and another. This means that the combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1: 1, 1: 1.5, and 1: 2 has a significant difference in viscosity
The results showed that the highest viscosity was in group I at 25.7350 Pa.s followed by group II at 25.3125 Pa.s and the lowest in group III at 24.1125 Pa.s
Summary
Root canal is a treatment that aims to repair an infected tooth.[1]. Root canal treatment consists of three stages (endodontic triad), namely 1) preparation to form and clean root canals, 2) root canal sterilization to kill bacteria in the root canal, and 3) obturation or filling of the root canal.[2]. Root canal sealer or paste has the ability to create an attachment between the gutta-percha and the root canal wall which makes the root canal system completely closed thereby preventing root canal treatment failure from occurring.[4] the sealer can affect the obturation results and affect the success of endodontic treatment.[5] The requirements for a good sealer must have a good adhesion between the core material and the root canal wall, be bacteriostatic, biocompatible to tissue, not irritate the periradicular tissue and not hinder tissue repair, on the contrary it helps repair injured tissue.[3]. This research is performed to analyze the viscosity value of the mixture of calcium hydroxide and red pine (Pinus densiflora). Purpose: Knowing the difference in viscosity of the combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:1, 1:1.5, and 1:2. Conclusion: Combination of calcium hydroxide and red pine with a ratio of 1:2, the lowest viscosity was obtained compared to the ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 1.5
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