Abstract
In this article, we evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) in the treatment of heart failure and myocardial infarction. MSCs have gained importance as living bio drug due to their regenerative potential, with BM-MSCs being the most extensively studied. However, UC-MSCs offer unique advantages, such as noninvasive collection and fewer ethical concerns. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes data from 13 randomized controlled trials, which included a total of 693 patients. Their study shows that UC-MSCs significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction by 5.08% at 6 months and 2.78% at 12 months compared with controls, while BM-MSCs showed no significant effect. Neither cell type showed significant changes in 6-minute walk distance. In addition, UC-MSCs and BM-MSCs had comparable safety profiles, with no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events, except for a lower rehospitalization rate observed with BM-MSCs. These results position UC-MSCs as a promising alternative in MSC-based therapies for cardiac disease, offering potential improvements in cardiac function while maintaining a favorable safety profile. Future research should focus on optimizing administration protocols and further exploring the long-term benefits and mechanisms of UC-MSCs in cardiac repair.
Published Version
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